POETRY FORMS AND TECHNIQUES

POETRY FORMS & TECHNIQUES

1. PATTERN POETRY - Pattern Poetry tih chu "Hlalemrem" tiin a sawifiah theih. Hla thu hmanga milem emaw, thil lem ziak emaw tihna a ni ber. A hla thu leh a milem rem chhuah chuan inzawmna thuk tak an nei țhin.

2. RHYTHM - Hlaa a ri luan dan a ri hrang hrangte inluhchhuah dan mawi tak sawina a ni. Hetah hian rhyme leh meter- te pawh a tel vek a. Chutih rualin rhyme leh meter tel miah lovin a thu lung mawi tak a awm thei bawk.

3. ALTERNTE RHYME -  Alternate rhyme chu a tlar inthlaka in-rhyme ang chi hi a ni. (abab )

4. HYSTORICAL RHYME - Rhyme, a phuahtuin a phuah laia dik thlap si, khuareia a lamrik dan (pronunciation) a lo danglam tâk avanga dik thei ta lo hi.

5. AFFLATUS - Thu ziak tur leh phuah tura phurna leh thathona, a 'rau' kan tih ang chi hi. Pathian ațanga chhuak ni hiala tam takin an ngaih avangin 'devine afflatus' ti te pawhin an sawi țhin.

6. BLANK VERSE - Rhyme tel lova hlahril phuahho hi blank verse tiin an sawi țhin.

7. FREE VERSE - A chang bithliah bîk te, a lam rik zât te, a meter leh rhyme pawh awm lem lova phuah hlahrilho ho free verse an tih chu a ni.

8. EPITHALAMION - Epithlamion hi inneih lawmna leh chawimawina lam hlahril a ni a. Tin, sak chiin an phuah țhin bawk. Inneih zanah mo pindan pawn lamah an sa țhin.

9. TELESTICH - Hla a tlar tina tlar tawp hawrawp a chhuk zawnga han chhiar thlaka thu awmze nei eng emaw lo awm ang chi hi lelestich an ti țhin.

10. GENETHLIACUM - Nau piang chawimawina leh lawmna atana phuah occasional poem chi khat hi a ni.

11. EROTIC POETRY - Mipat hmeichhiatna leh hurherhna lam thil, tisa induhtawnna ringawt changchawia hmangaihna lam hla chawina.

12. AUBADE - Sak hla emaw, hlahril emaw, varțian chibai bukna a ni. Hmangaiha inthlahlel ngawih ngawihte tana țhenna kawl eng mek anga phuah a ni țhin.

13. SERENADE - Hmangaihna lam hla emaw, tlai lam phuahna hlahril.

14. POETIC LICENSE - Hla phuahtute'na a remchan vang emaw, remchan loh zawkna vang emawa dàn bak an sawn țhinna. Poetry-ah hian dan leh hrai eng emaw neuh neuh a awm ve a. Chutiang kalhmang zawm ve tho si a, chhan eng emaw vanga chung dan bawhchhiat luihna chu.

15. ALLITERATION - Hawrawp (letter) inang emaw, lamrik (syllable) inang emawa hla tlar khata thumal hrang hrangte bul țan hi.
Ent. Zû zawng zawnga zing zû zet zawng.

16. ASSONANCE - Thu lam rik dan inzûl takho hman nawn hi. Vowel hman nawn avanga thu inzul tak, a tawpa consonant inan loh vanga rhyme puitling ni pha si lo hi a ni. A vowel chauh a in-rhyme a, a tlangpuiin ri sangah a ni țhin.

17. CONSONANCE - Consonant inang hmanna thumal inzui, a kara vowel tlazep erawh inang si lo. A tlangpuiin consonant inangte chi thumal tawpa hawrawpte a inang țhin.

18. ONOMATOPOEIA - Thil nung hram rik dan emaw an rik dan mila țawngkam chheh.

19. QUANTITATIVE METER - Greek-ho te, Roman-ho leh Arabic-ho hlahril phuah dan tlanglawn ber a ni a. Meter dang anga ri sang leh rihniam lama thlûk lovin, a lamrik mal lam nana hun a duh rei zawngin an teh țhin.

20. ACCENTUAL METER - Accentual meter ah chuan a syllable emaw, a ri hiam(untress)  emaw tlir lovin. A ri sang(tress) chauh an en țhin.

21. SYLLABIC VERSE - Lam rik dan lam ni lo va tlar khat emaw, chang khat emawa lamrik zat tam lam hmanga hla châng bithliah.

22. PHONOPOEA - Hla ațanga a thil sawite suangtuahnaa kan va mitthla theih.

23. DRAMATIC MONOLOQUE - "Tawnhrilhla" tiin a sawi theih. Mahni thil tawn emaw, mi dang thil tawn emaw, thlil thleng dan emaw sawina.

24. PASORAL ELEGY - Pastoral elegy-ah chuan beram vengtu leh a kaihhnawih țawngkam hrang hrang kalhmangin sunna thu an chham chhuak țhin.

25. BALLAD STANZA - Chang khata tlar 4 awm, a tlar indawt dan lamrik bithliah 8-6-8-6 nei, iambicmeter hmanga phuah a ni a. A rhyme scheme chu 'abcd' a ni țhin.

26. EPIC SIMILE - Tehkhinna sei pui pui an hman țhin ang hi.

27. POETIC PROSE - Thlutluang ni si, poetry kalhmang eng emaw chen zuia ziah hi. Assonance, metaphor, meter, rhyme te tlengin an hmang ve tho țhin.

28. PSEUDONYM - Greek țawng a ni a, hming dik lo (false name) tihna a ni. Tunlaiah chuan hming invuah chawp sawi nan an hmang.

29. RHETORICAL QUESTION - Chan let leh beisei vang pawh ni chuang lova zawhna siam hi. A tlangpuiin hetiang zawhna hi chu a chhanna tur a hriat sa țhin.

30. IAMBIC PENTAMETER - Thu lam rik hniam pakhat chu thu lam rik sang pakhatin a zui țhin a. Tin, hla tlar khatah syllable 10 awmin, feet 5-ah an țhen leh țhin.

31. PROCREATION SONNET - Shakesper-a sonnet phuahte zinga number 1-17 inkar zawng sawina a ni. A chhan chu, he hla hi tlangval tana phuah a ni a, tlangval chu nupui nei tur leh fa hring ngei tura a fuihna a ni bawk.

32. IDYLL - Idyll kan tih hlaah chuan nun phung mawmal tak a tarlang țhin a, a bik takin thingtlang nun phung a tarlang țhin. Tin, thinlunga mitthla theih tur thil mawi tak tak a tarlang bawk țhin. Boruak hlimawm tak lam hawia phuah a ni țhin bawk.

33. SECONDARY/LITERARY EPIC - Epic ziarang chi khat a ni a. Mimal kut chhuak a ziak sei taka phuah a ni țhin. A phuahtuin thawnthu awmsa hmangin a phuah thiang a, belh leh paih a nei thiang a. Amaherawhchu, a thawnthu zeding a vawng nung reng țhin

34. VERSE FABLE - Prose-in emaw, poetry-in emaw a phuah theih a, a sei ngai lo. Chutah chuan ramsa leh thil dangho chu mihring khawsak dan angin an khawsa a, mihring angin an țawng thei țhin.

35. Poetic Drama - Hla thu hmanga ziak lemchan; Hlalemchan.

36. AMBIGUITY - Eng ber nge a sawi tum tih pawh hriat lohva awmze hrang hrang nei thei. A chhiartu tena a awmzia leh a tum ram an riruat sual theih.

37. CARPEDIEM - Lyric poetry a an thu chai pawimawh tak ni kumkhua - hringnun hi a tawi vang leh hun hi a liam zung zung vanga vawiin huna nawmsakna chi hrang hrangte chen uar tura infuihna lam hawi.

38. CLOSE COUPLET - Chang khat (tlar hnih) chhunga thuchai fel famkim nghal, a chang danga sawi chhunzawm ngai tawh lo.

39. DIDACTIC POETRY -  Zirna lam leh hriat zauna lam hawi puan chhuahna hlahrilho hi a ni. Thil țha inkawh hmuhna lam emaw, inzilh finna lam emaw, inkaihhruiana lam emaw, hriatna tizau thei lam emaw puan chhuah hi  tum ber a ni a. A form bithliah  awm lem lo.

40. EPITAPH - Thlan lunga hla chang tawi tê, a thlan luahtu fakna lam hawi, rhyme neia an ziah/ ker ang chi hi.

41. EULOGY - Mimal tu emaw fakna țawngkam emawa thuziak.

42. IMAGERY/ IMAGE - Suangtuahna hlimthla. Thu leh hla khawvela thil eng emaw, va mitthla theih emaw, ngaihruatna hmanga va hriat theih emaw, a rim va tem theih emaw, a tui leh tui loh te, a nawm leh nawm lohte va hisappui theih ang hi.

43. ZEUGMA - Thil inang chiah lo pahnih hmer kawp tura thumal an inhman țawm theih pakhat hman hi.

44. STICHOMYTHIA/STICHOMYTHY - A tlar inkartlak zela thu inchhang leh inbiakna țawngkam anga phuah.

45. PERSONIFICATION - Rannung emaw, nungcha emaw, thil nung lo emaw mihring rilru puthmang pû anga va channa.

46. PATHETIC FALLACY - Thil nung lo nunna nei ang ziazang leh rilru puthmang nei ang ziazanga va channa.

47. OXYMORON - Thumal inkalh ni awm tak, kawng lehlama inhnerem viau ang lawi si chheh pawlh.

48. MONORHYME - Chang khata tlar tinte rhyme thuhmuna rhyme. Ent. Chang khatna tlar tawp bera 'Rûn' tih kan hman chuan a dawt tlarah pawh a rhyme milpui hman zel tur.

49. MAGNUM OPUS - Ziak mite kut chhuak zinga a țha fawr ber; masterpiece

50. INVOCATION - Țanpui dilna hlahril bul lama an dah hi. Pathian hnena dilna a ni tlangpui.



Bibliography :

Renthlei, Nununa. Poetry The Basics. Aizawl :         Lengchhawn Press. 2016.